1. You begin to notice that your Rails app is loading slowly. It takes 8 seconds for a specific controller action to render. How would you troubleshoot this? 2. You are working on adding comment functionality to your Rails app that will allow users to leave comments on various models. You realize that there will be a collection of forms and model code that will be duplicated across a few models. What are some strategies you can employ for reducing duplication and bloated Active Record models? What are the pros/cons of each strategy? 3. N+ 1 code 4. Fixing rspec test cases and adding more test cases