Explain the entire process that happens when you boot up your PC w..t. TCP/IP

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Sigiloso · Accepted Answer

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Anonymous · Answer

Network Initialization (TCP/IP)
Phase 1: Physical Layer
Network Interface Card (NIC) Initialization: The operating system initializes the NIC, setting configuration parameters.
Link Detection: The NIC detects the network link status (e.g., Ethernet cable connected).
Phase 2: Data Link Layer
MAC Address Assignment: The NIC assigns a Media Access Control (MAC) address.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Table Creation: The operating system creates an ARP table to map IP addresses to MAC addresses.
Phase 3: Network Layer
IP Address Assignment: The operating system assigns an IP address to the NIC (static or dynamic via DHCP).
Subnet Mask Configuration: The operating system configures the subnet mask.
Default Gateway Configuration: The operating system configures the default gateway IP address.
Phase 4: Transport Layer
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) Initialization: The operating system initializes TCP, setting configuration parameters.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) Initialization: The operating system initializes UDP.
Phase 5: Application Layer
DHCP Client Initialization: The operating system initializes the DHCP client to obtain network settings.
DNS (Domain Name System) Resolver Initialization: The operating system initializes the DNS resolver.

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