GET: Retrieves data from the server (should only retrieve data and should have no other effect). POST: Sends data to the server for a new entity. It is often used when uploading a file or submitting a completed web form. PUT: Similar to POST, but used to replace an existing entity. PATCH: Similar to PUT, but used to update only certain fields within an existing entity. DELETE: Removes data from the server. TRACE: Provides a means to test what a machine along the network path receives when a request is made. As such, it simply returns what was sent. some are left due to time constraint