From the question, I am assuming how would you validate data analysis. Here are my answers: I usually perform exploratory data analysis from the given data to uncover many insights. through data, I would like to understand descriptive statistics. Write a summary of all observations, correlations of all variables, anomalies found, assumptions made, etc. Once my report is complete I validate with the subject matter expert to have a discussion on what the data is telling us so far and see if there are any surprises or intersections between analysis and SME's